Flying-machine.



J. G. A. KITCHEN.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 26, 1913.

Patented Oct. 21, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. G. A. KITCHEN.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 26, 1913.

Patented Oct. 21

3 BEBETB-SHEET 2.

J. G. A. KITCHEN.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 26, 1913.

1,076,377. Patented Oct. 21, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN, 0F SCOTFORTI-I, ENGLAND.

FLYING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 21,1913.

Application filed February 26, 1913. Serial No. 750,885.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN GEORGE AULSE- BROOK KITCHEN, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 7 Rose Bank, Scotforth, Lancaster, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in FlyingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention refers to flying machines in which the main supporting area or plane surfaces, has a circular or approximately circular configuration in plan with an inclosed opening therein laterally central.

The improvements relate chiefly to the superficial form of the supporting areas, and have for their object to increase the lifting or carrying power and to improve the stability of machines with main supporting areas of circular configuration.

According to this invention, the rear part of the main supporting area or surface, that is to say behind the transverse center line, is depressed along the longitudinal center line of the machine, so as to provide a depression in the upper surface and a keel like formation or ridge on the underside from the edge of which the surface sweeps upward with a concave curve on each side thereof. The two halves of each supporting area are preferably set at a relative dihedral angle of suitable inclination along the longitudinal center line. The leading edge margin of each half or wing of the main supporting surface is preferably deflected and the deflection may be along a chord between the longitudinal and transverse center lines. This form of main supporting area may in some cases be supplemented by a superimposed supporting area above the forward portion of said main supporting area. This supplemental supporting area may have a similar configuration to that of the main supporting area forward of the transverse center line and may have a similarly deflected leading edge margin. The rear edge of the center part of this supplemental area, may extend to and follow the outline of the inclosed opening of the main supporting area, for a short distance and may then extend with its edge approximately parallel with the chord of the deflected margin, rearward.

The wings or halves may be in one plane or they may meet with a dihedral angle as above stated, the tips being either upwardly or downwardly directed as desired and may be vertically above the corresponding part of the lower supporting surface or staggered over relatively thereto.

In the drawings attached hereto, the improvements are shown applied to both a monoplane and a biplane. The motor, propeller or screw and controlling gear are not shown nor the construction of the framework or the chassis.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the supporting area of the monoplane; Fig. 2 a plan of the same looking from above; Fig. 3 a front view and Fig. 4 a rear view. Fig. 5 represents a side elevation of the supporting area of the biplane; Fig. 6 a plan looking from above, and Fig. 7 a front view. Fig. 8 represents in plan, an arrangement of elevators and rudders which may be used, and Fig. 9 a side elevation thereof.

In the drawings the main supporting area is circular in plan with a central circular v opening therein. It has the area in two planes forming wings meeting at the longitudinal center line with a dihedral angle the tips being upwardly directed.

Figs. 1 to 4 will be first referred to. The longitudinal center line is represented by Z, and the transverse center line by t. The laterally extending halves or wings of the main supporting surface are indicated by a, a, and the central inclosed opening by b. The portion 1 of the forward part of each wing at is approximately flat and the shaded part 2 is cambered or deflected downward along the chord c.

The portion to the rear of the transverse center line 25, indicated by 3 is depressed along the line Z, so as to obtain a ridge such as 4 from which the surface curves upward to the main surface as will be seen at 6, Figs. 1, 8, and 4.

Referring now to Figs. 5 to 7 the main supporting area a, a, is formed as previously described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4:, but there is a supplementary supporting surface comprising the wings cl, cl, which extend rearwardly to the transverse center line 23 only. The front or leading edge margin of each wing is deflected at 2 in a similar manner to that of the main supporting area a, a, having a flat portion 5 on each wing. The rear edge of the supplementary supporting area 05, (Z,- follows the curvature of the opening 6 at e for a short distance and then extends tangentially on each side of the 1011- gitudinal center line Z to the transverse center line If as indicated at f, the inside corner 9 being roundedas shown. These wings cl, cl, are earned on a vertical structure 1nbe made in any suitable known way.

Any suitable arrangement of elevating and directing planes may be used with my improved machine." In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown an arrangement which can be conthe ailerons 7 which are hinged at the rear end of the main supporting wings a, a, along the lines 8, and may be actuated from thepilots seat through rods 9 and levers 10. In Fig. 9, the ailerons 7 are shownslightly elevated. The rudder 1 1 is hinged to 'a mast '12 and may be actuated through tension wires 13 and a tiller 1 1. Stays for this are represented by 15.

What I claim as my invention and desire States is g 1. Inf-lying machines, an approximately circular main supporting area with an inclosed opening laterally central therein, the rear part of said supporting area having a sharp deep depression in the upper surface along the longitudinal center line forming a keel onthe underside.

2. In 'flying machines, an approximately V circular supporting area with an opening closed opening laterally central therein, the

rear part of said supporting area having a sharp deep depression with curved sides in Copies of this patent inat be obtained for five eents eaeh, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

on the underside.

4. In flying machines, an approximately circular main supporting area with an inclosed opening laterally central therein and a deflected leading edge margim -the rear part of said supporting area having a sharp deep depression in the upper surface along the longitudinal center line forming a keel on the underside. venlently applied. The elevators consists'of circular mam supporting .area with an 1n- 7 5. In flying machines, an approximately closed openin laterally central therein and a sharp deep depression in the upper surface along the longitudinal center line in the rear part of said surface, forming a keel on'the underside and a superimposed auxiliary supporting surface in front of the transverse center line, and of approximately the same superficial area and form as the front 'half of the main supporting area. to secure by Letters Patent of the United 6. In flying machines, an approximately circular main supportlngarea with an 1nclosed opening laterally central therein and a sharp deep depression in the upper sur "face along the longitudinal center line in the rear part of said surface and forming I a keel on the underside and a deflected leadmg edge margln, and a superimposed auxiliary supportlng surface over "the front art of the main su ortin area said auxb J iliar su ortin area' 'havin' a roxi mately the same form and depth of surface as the main supporting area covered by it, the ends of the said surface being rounded. In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two sub-' scribing witnesses. v

, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN Witnesses:

JAMES OnUioKsHANK, CHAS. BERRY. 

